Improvement in vises



2 Sheets--Sheet 2.

E. CRAWLEY & T. L. BAYLIES. Improvement in Vices. N-o.123,872.

Patented' Feb. 20, i872.

EDWIN ORAWLEY AND THOMAS L.

fr ovarica.

BAYLIES, OF RICHMOND, INDIANA.

IMPROVEMENT lN VISES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 123,872, dated February 20, 1872; antedated February 16, 1872.

We, EDWIN GRAWLEY and THouAs L. BAY- LIES, of Richmond, county of Wayne and State of Indiana, have invented certain Improvements in Vises, ot' which the following is a specification Our invention, as hereinafter described, is designed as an improvement, in some of the details, upon the vise patented by us May 10, 1870 5 and relates to modifications in the construction of the bed-plate and box-slide, and also to modifications in the arrangement and manner of operating the pawl.

In the accompanying drawing, theviseis represented in the form best adapted to carpenters and joiners use.

With reference to the drawing, Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section through the center of the vise. Fig. 2 is a perspective view 0f the bed-plate detached from the bench and box-slide. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section through the dotted line x of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the rear portion of the vise.

The other figures in the drawing will be hereinafter explained.

The same letters in the different f1 gures refer to corresponding parts of the invention, or to parts the functions of which are similar.

B is the bench,to which the vise is attached, and forms the stationary jaw of the saine. A is the movable jaw, which is secured to the box-slide O. G is the bed-plate, provided at its front end with the ange j', by means of which the vise is attached to bench B. On the sides of bed-plate G, and extending the entire length thereof, are formed tongues b b. On the lower edges of the sides of the box-slide are formed lips p p, which catch under tongues b b, and prevent the rear end of the box-slide from rising upward. Said lips p p may not extend the entire length of the box-slide, in which case the front end of the box-slide is prevented from moving upward by contact with the sides of the opening in bench B, through which the box-slide and bed-plate eX- tend. The rear end of the box-slide is supported in proper position, with reference to the bed-plate, by nut H, which moves freely endwise within the box-slide.'A u u are projections formed on the side of that portion of bed-plate Gr which projects outward from the side of the bench. The lower edges of the sides ofthe box-slide rest on said projections, by which means, in conjunction with tongues b b, lips p p, and nut H, theV box-slide is maintained in proper position with reference to the bed-plate. rIhis arrangement obviates the necessity of cxpensive machine-work in fitting the box-slide to the bed-plate, while, at the same time, a sufficiently accurate iit is obtained. c is a tierod, which extends from the lower end of iange f through a flange on the rear end of the bedplate, by which means saidbed-plate is strengthened. Paw] J is placed in a slot formed in nut H below screw-shaft E, and is centrally pivoted t0 said nut by pins s. e is a cam, which is secured to the rear end of said screw-shaft. r are ratchet-teeth formed on the upper surface of the bed-plate.

The yoperation of the mechanism is as fo1-.

lows: The parts being in the posit-ions shown .in Fig. 1, (pawl J being released from ratchet 13) jawA is free to be adjusted with reference to the article t0 be held in the vise. To secure an article in the saine, the movable jaw is pressed against the article by the hand of the operator, and the operating-lever L is turned to the right. The irst result of the rotary movement thus imparted to the screw-shaft E is to cause the projecting portion of cam a to recede from the rear end of pawl J, and permit said pawl to enga ge with ratchet r, which it does by reason of the greater weight ot' that portion of the pawl which is in front ot'- pin s, over that portion which is in the rear of said pin. The engagement ofthe pawl with the ratchet prevents any further movement of nut H toward the front end ot' the vise; and the continued turni-ng to thc right of lever L causes the article to be compressed in the vise with a force due to the action of the threads on screw-shaft E with those in nut H. To release the article from the vise, lever L is turned to the left until the relative endwise movement between nut Hand a given point on screwshaft E has brought cam a in proper position infr Fi 5 bein01 a longitudinal vertical secb) b b tion through the center of the vise, showing the nut and pawl, together with a portion ot' the box-slide, bed-plate, and screw-shaft, and Fig. (i being a perspective view ofthe rear portion ot' the vise, a pin, a, is substituted for the cam shown and described in the preceding` example. Said pin is inserted in screw-shaft E near the rear end of the shaft, and projects at right angles to the axis ot' said shat't. The rear end ot' pawl J is turned upward to a position in which it may be struck and depressed by pin a when the pawl is to be released from ratchet r.

rI`he operation of the mechanism is the same as the operation ot' that shown and described in the preceding example.

In Fig. 7 is shown another modification of devices tor operating the pawl, the parts shown in the figure being similar to those shown in Fig. 5. Pawl J is pivoted to the front end ot' nut II. g is a rod, which slides in a suitable recess formed in said nut below screw-shaft E. The front end of said rod bears against a shoulder formed on the under side ot' pawl J. rlhe opposite end of rod g projects beyond the rear end of nut H, and is bent so as to bring the extremity of the rod in proper position to come in contact with the front face ot' disk a when said pawl is to be released from ratchet 1'. Disk a is secured to the rear end of screwshaft E. o is a spiral spring, which encircles rod g, the tension ot' which forces said rod away from pawl J. A groove and feather prevent rod g from turning in the nut.

When an article is to be compressed in the vise, lever L is turned to the right, by which means disk c is carried away trom the end ot' rod g by the relative endwise movement be tween said disk and nut H, and the tension ot' spring 0 forces rod r/ backward, and permits pawl J to engage with ratchet r. The reversed movement otl lever L bringing the face ot' disk a against rod g. the relative endwise'movem ent between said disk and nut causes rod g to press against pawl J and release the latter from the ratchet, the tension of spring o being overcome.

In the modication shown in Fig. 8, the parts represented therein corresponding to those shown in the Figs. 5 and 7, the tripper a is made in the form of a frustum of a cone. Pawl J is similar in shape to that shown in Fig. 1. The pawl is tripped by coming in contact with the convexed portion ot' tripper a, the rear end ot' the pawl being carried downward, as it is caused to approach the greater diameter of the tripper, by the relative endwise movement hereinbeiore described.

In Figs. 9, 10, 11, and 12 is shown another arrangement tor suj'iporting the front end ot' the box-slide, a pawl ot' a different construction from those hereinbei'oreI shown and described, together with a change in the position ot' the ratchet. Fig. 9 is a. longitudinal vertical section through the middle ot'the vise. Fig. 1o is a perspective view ot' the bed-plate detached trom the bench and box slide. Fig. 1l

is a transverse vertical section through the dotted line a: .t in Fig. 9. Fig. 12 is a perspective view ot' the pawl detached from the vise.

1n the present example, the frontend ot' boxslide C is supported by the post t, which is substituted for the projections u u, shown in the tirst example. Said post is secured to the bedplate. G, near the front of the latter, and extends upward sutliciently to permit the under side oi' the top ot' the box-slide to rest on the upper end otl the post. Said post tits snugly within the interior ot' the box-sli de, and is made sufficiently t-hick at the top to give a good bearing-surface, on which the box-slide moves. Screwshat't E passes through an opening formed in post t, near the upper end ot' the same, and moves freely therein. The rear end of boxslide C is connected with the bed-plate by devices similar to those hereinbet'ore shown and described. It desired, the projections u u and post t may be used conjointly. In this example, the ratchetteeth r are formed ou the under side ot' bed-plate Gr. Iawl J is formed ot' the rectangular plate 17 and cross-bar i. Said plate is pivoted at its upper edge to nut II by pins s, and moves freely in the slot K, formed in the. bed-plate and extending nearly the entire length of the same. That portion of crossbar t" which comes in contact with the ratchetteeth r is properly formed to engage, with said teeth. rlhe cross-bar t is attached to plate t', near the lower rear corner of said plate. The shape and functions of cani a are similar to the shape and functions ot' the cam shown in the iirst example. NVhen the rear end ot plate t' is released from cam a, the superior weight of that portion ot' said plate which is forward of pin s causes the front end ot' the plate to descend and carry the rear end ot' the plate up ward until the cross-bar t" engages with the ratchet-teeth i.

In the vise patented by us May 10, 1870, the pawl is tripped by means of a pin secured to the interior of the box-slide. In the arrange ment herein shown and described, theV tripper is secured on the rear end of the screw-shaft, which arrangement permits the parts to be more easily adjusted 5 and, in some ot' the modiieations herein shown, the pawl responds to the movements imparted to the operating-lever more promptly than it does in the vise hereinbefore referred to patented by us.

In Figs. 13, 14, and 15 is shown a device whereby the pawl, when constructed as shown in Figs. 1, 5, 7, and 8, is prevented from engaging with the upper edge of a ratchet-tooth, and thereby rendering the latter or the edge ot' the pawl liable to be broken. Figs. 13 and 14 are longitudinal vertical sections through the center ot' the pawl and attachment, a portion ofthe ratchet also being shown. Fig. 15

is a perspective view ot the attachmel'lt de tached from the pawl.

This device consists of a preventer, V, placed in a slot termed in that portion ot' the pawl which is in i'ront ot' the pin s, said preventer being pivoted by pin s to the pawl. That por tion of the preventer which hangs perpendicular is prevented from swinging forward by reason of its contact with the front side of the slot in which said preventer is placed, but is free to swing in the opposite direction. The engaging part of the preventer is lower than the edge of pawl J that comes in contact with the ratchet, and the distance of said engaging point of the preventer from said edge of the pawl is a little less than the distance apart of a given number of ratchet-teeth. When the edge of the pawl would drop on the upper edge of a tooth, it is prevented from doing so by reason of the lower point of the preventer strikingl the upper edge of another tooth, as shown in Fig. 13. The parts being in this position, the endwise movement of nut H carries the pawl forward over the edge of the tooth which was im mediate] y beneath the edge of the pawl, b v reason of the forward end of the pawl being` supported for the time by the preventer NV; and a-s the forward movement of the nut is continued, the front end of the pawl will move obliquely downward until the edge of the pawl comes in contact with the root ofthe next tooth in advance, as shown in Fig. 14.

We claim as our invention-1 l l. The tripper a., attached to the screw-shaft E, in combination with said screw-shaft, nut H, pawl J, and ratchet i, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The improved bed-plate G, comprehending the ratchet i', tongues b b, and shoulders u u, as described.

3. The combination, with said improved bedplate, of the box-slide C, with iianges or lips pp, the nut H, and pawl J.

4. The combination of the preventer W with the pawl J, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

EDWIN CRAWLEY. THOMAS L. BAYLIES.

Witnesses:

WM. F. KRAAs, J. HUNT. 

